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苹果如何避税

8/16/2018

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作者:Renee Chen

以美国的苹果公司为例,该公司的控股公司和子公司结构之间的复杂关系让人云里雾里、眼花缭乱。
苹果电脑有限公司(apple computer ltd)是一家总部在爱尔兰的制造商;苹果股份有限公司(apple computer inc,ltd)也是一家设在爱尔兰的公司,拥有苹果电脑有限公司。苹果荷兰私营有限公司(apple netherlands BV)是一家离岸投资公司;而苹果电脑销售公司(apple computer sales corp)是一家设在美属维尔京群岛的公司,主要负责海外市场的销售,另外还有苹果开曼财务有限公司(apple computer cayman financial ltd).
苹果电脑是在新加坡生产,开曼财务有限公司将每台电脑以200美元的账面价格支付给新加坡子公司,开曼财务公司再将新加坡生产的电脑以每台900美元的价格卖给苹果美国公司,然后,苹果美国公司又以每台1000美元价格卖给经销商。尽管表面上每台电脑似乎在苹果不同的子公司之间转了一大圈,而事实是,所有这些只不过是账面上的处理,而经销商提货地点依旧是电脑的生产地新加坡。
但一圈转下来,通过转移价格方式,价格发生了重大变化,美国每台电脑成本被抬高,这样一来,苹果公司在美国每卖出去一台电脑只有100美元的利润须上税,另外700美元的利润在开曼群岛规避了税收,由于在新加坡的外国公司可以享受免税,这给苹果公司带来了极大的税务节省。
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